How Fish Are Vaccinated on Farms: Methods, Importance, and Welfare Benefits
Fish are vaccinated to strengthen their immune systems against pathogens. The main methods are oral, immersion, and injection. Healthy fish get vaccines to build strong immunity. Successful cases include vaccinating Atlantic salmon against Yersinia ruckeri, showcasing the importance of vaccination in commercial fish farming and aquaculture. Vaccination is crucial for fish health and farm productivity. … Read more



