The North Equatorial Current impacts fishing by generating nutrient-rich upwelling zones. These zones draw in game fish and marine predators, enhancing fish populations. Areas like Taiwan and Japan enjoy higher fishing productivity because the current improves nutrient distribution and helps gather marine life. Fisheries thrive in areas where the North Equatorial Current interacts with coastal … Read more

The Brazil Current affects fishing by moving south due to rising water temperatures and stronger winds. This shift changes marine ecosystems and impacts fish populations. As a result, fishing resources become less available, leading to changes in fishing practices in the region. The Brazil Current also affects water temperature and salinity. Warmer waters can lead … Read more

Marine fishes conserve water through key adaptations. They drink seawater to stay hydrated. Their kidneys excrete very little water to avoid dehydration. They also eliminate excess salt using special cells, which helps maintain a proper osmotic balance in their bodies. These strategies have evolved to support their survival in salty environments. Additionally, marine fishes employ … Read more

Longline fishing involves long lines with many baited hooks. This technique often catches non-target species, called bycatch, which reduces marine populations. The overfishing from bycatch disrupts the ecosystem balance and negatively affects the sustainability of affected marine species. The impacts of longline fishing are far-reaching. Overfishing can lead to population declines in both targeted and … Read more

Longline fishing uses long lines with many baited hooks. This method often catches non-target species, called bycatch. Fish like swordfish and tuna are commonly targeted. The large catch volume can harm marine organisms and disrupt ecosystems. This raises concerns about ecological impact and the need for sustainable fishery management practices. The consequence is a sharp … Read more

Industrial fishing harms marine ecosystems by reducing fish populations. Overfishing disrupts the food web and causes an imbalance. It threatens biodiversity and impacts vulnerable species like sea turtles and coral reefs. The decline of essential species endangers overall marine life and health. Additionally, industrial fishing practices such as trawling damage ocean floors. Trawlers drag heavy … Read more

High salinity affects fish by disrupting their osmoregulation and metabolism. It can reduce fish growth and impair reproduction, including egg fertilization. Freshwater fish face stress in high salinity, increasing mortality risks. While moderate salinity may help larvae survival, too much salt weakens their immune system and overall health. Behavioral changes are also prevalent in fish … Read more

The Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) shows ovary maturation in fish. For Male and Female M. gulio, GSI increases from March, reaching its highest point in July. After July, GSI values gradually decrease until December. This cycle reflects the seasonal reproductive patterns of M. gulio (Sarker et al., 2002; Islam et al., 2008; Lal et al., 2016). … Read more

During the breeding season (June-August), fish gonad size changes significantly. Males’ testes grow larger while females’ ovaries expand, causing noticeable belly size increases. Hormone injections stimulate spawning. The selected broodstock shows size differences based on species, reproductive organs, and readiness, influenced by plasma FSH levels. Females may also exhibit size changes, primarily to nurture more … Read more

Overfishing harms marine ecosystems by removing too many fish, creating an imbalance in the food web. This threatens vulnerable species like sea turtles and corals. Healthy fish populations are vital for maintaining biodiversity and ensuring ecosystem stability in marine life. Bycatch, the unintentional capture of non-target species, poses another concern. This practice devastates populations of … Read more