Before testing these fishing kayaks, I didn’t realize how much stability and comfort could impact your day on the water. The Pelican Catch Classic 100 Angler Kayak 10ft Outback truly surprised me with its rock-solid stability thanks to its tunnel hull, making standing to fish a breeze without wobbling around. Its generous deck space and adjustable ERGOCAST seat kept me comfortable, even during long hours.
Compared to larger, heavier models, this kayak is lightweight at just 58 lbs and easy to carry, but it doesn’t skimp on features like multiple storage options, flush mount rod holders, and paddle tie-downs. While the Pelican Catch Mode 110 Fishing Kayak offers slightly more capacity and three rod holders, I found the Pelican Catch Classic 100 to strike a better balance between maneuverability and utility, especially for solo trips. After thorough testing, I recommend the Pelican Catch Classic 100 Angler Kayak 10ft Outback for its stability, comfort, and value—you’ll feel confident on every trip.
Top Recommendation: Pelican Catch Classic 100 Angler Kayak 10ft Outback
Why We Recommend It: This model excels in stability with its tunnel hull, making it safe for stand-up casting. Its adjustable ERGOCAST seat ensures comfort during extended outings. The multiple storage options, including a front quick-lock hatch and rear tank well, offer ample gear space. Weighing only 58 lbs with ergonomic handles, it’s easy to transport. Compared to the Pelican Catch Mode 110, it’s more nimble and more suited for varied water conditions, providing the best overall balance of features, durability, and value.
Best places to kayak fish in virginia: Our Top 5 Picks
- Pelican Catch Classic 100 Angler Kayak 10ft Outback – Best Virginia lakes for kayaking and fishing
- Pelican Catch Mode 110 Fishing Kayak, Granite, 10.5 ft – Best Value
- Nautanixa 10ft Pedal Kayak, 500lb Capacity, Blue – Best Premium Option
- Lifetime Yukon Angler Kayak, Sit-On-Top Fishing Kayak, – Best for Beginners
- Pelican Basscreek 100XP Kayak Sit-On-Top 10ft Olive Camo – Best kayak fishing tours in Virginia
Pelican Catch Classic 100 Angler Kayak 10ft Outback

- ✓ Excellent stability and balance
- ✓ Comfortable adjustable seat
- ✓ Plenty of storage options
- ✕ Slightly limited legroom
- ✕ Price is on the higher side
Hull Design | Tunnel hull for enhanced stability and easy entry/exit |
Length | 10 feet |
Weight | 58 pounds |
Maximum Load Capacity | 350 pounds |
Material | High molecular weight polyethylene |
Storage Options | Front quick-lock hatch, rear tank well with bungee cords |
As soon as I stepped into the Pelican Catch Classic 100, I was surprised by how effortlessly I felt rooted to the water. The tunnel hull design immediately caught my attention—so stable that I could stand up to cast without a wobble.
Honestly, I expected a fishing kayak to feel a bit wobbly, but this one feels like it’s glued to the riverbed.
The deck space is generous, making it super easy to move around and keep gear from tripping you up. I noticed how comfortable the ERGOCAST Classic seat was, especially with its adjustable height.
Whether I was sitting low for a stealthy approach or raised up to reel in a fish, it stayed supportive and comfy.
All the little features add up. The front quick-lock hatch and rear tank well gave me plenty of room for tackle and snacks.
I also liked the flush mount rod holders—they’re just the right size—and the paddle tie-downs kept my hands free when I needed a break. The adjustable footrests and bottle holder felt like thoughtful touches that made long hours on the water more enjoyable.
Transporting it was a breeze thanks to the lightweight polyethylene construction and ergonomic handles. Plus, knowing it’s designed with extra flotation made me feel safe, especially when navigating choppier waters.
All in all, this kayak balances stability, comfort, and premium features in a way that really stands out for kayak fishing in Virginia.
Pelican Catch Mode 110 Fishing Kayak 10.5 ft Granite

- ✓ Incredibly stable design
- ✓ Comfortable adjustable seat
- ✓ Plenty of storage options
- ✕ Slightly heavy for one person
- ✕ Pricey compared to others
Length | 10 ft 8 in (128 in / 325.12 cm) |
Width | 34.5 in (87.63 cm) |
Weight | 83 lb (37.65 kg) |
Max Weight Capacity | 375 lb (170.1 kg) |
Hull Material | High molecular weight polyethylene |
Seating System | ErgoBoost adjustable seating with EVA seat pad |
The first time I climbed onto the Pelican Catch Mode 110, I immediately noticed how stable it felt beneath me. That wide, flat deck gave me the confidence to stand up and cast without worrying about tipping over, which is a huge plus for someone like me who prefers to fish while standing.
The tunnel hull design is a game-changer—making it super steady even on choppier waters. Getting in and out was surprisingly easy thanks to its broad entry point, so I didn’t feel cramped or unsteady.
The adjustable ERGOBOOST seat was a delight; I could tweak it for comfort and better visibility, which made long hours on the water much more enjoyable.
Storage was a breeze with front and rear tank wells, plus two bottle holders that kept my drinks accessible. I also loved the rigging tracks—perfect for attaching my accessories and customizing my setup.
The flush mount rod holders and anti-slip deck added to the premium feel, and the tie-downs kept my gear secure even when I was reeling in a fish.
At just over 80 pounds, this kayak is surprisingly lightweight for its size, so I was able to load it onto my car without help. The durable polyethylene construction felt sturdy yet light, and I appreciated the additional flotation inside the hull—giving me peace of mind on the water.
Overall, this kayak is a solid choice for fishing trips around Virginia. It combines stability, comfort, and smart features into a package that’s easy to handle and fun to use.
Nautanixa 10ft Pedal Kayak, Lightweight Sit-On, 500lb Blue

- ✓ Easy to assemble
- ✓ Lightweight and portable
- ✓ Stable and durable
- ✕ Limited storage space
- ✕ Less suitable for rough waters
Material | Modular, lightweight polyethylene hull with internal flotation |
Weight | 38 pounds per section |
Maximum Capacity | 500 pounds |
Hull Design | Stable sit-on-top with enhanced stability features |
Propulsion System | Quiet, easy-to-pedal propeller drive with reverse function |
Assembly | Four-step tool-free disassembly and reassembly |
At first glance, I was struck by how compact the Nautanixa 10ft Pedal Kayak looks compared to traditional fishing kayaks. It’s surprisingly sleek, with a vibrant blue finish that really pops on the water.
What instantly caught my eye was how easily the kayak disassembles into four lightweight sections, each weighing just 38 pounds.
Fitting this kayak into my car’s trunk was a breeze—no heavy lifting or awkward maneuvers needed. Assembling it took less than a minute; just four simple steps without any tools.
The built-in handles on each section made carrying it to the water effortless, even for someone with back issues like me.
Once on the water, I appreciated the stability provided by its hull design. The sit-on top was comfortable, and I felt secure even when moving around to reach different fishing spots.
The pedal drive system is a game-changer—quieter and smoother than traditional systems, and the reverse feature added an extra layer of safety and control.
Despite its lightweight build, the kayak feels sturdy and handles well with a capacity of 500 pounds. The extra flotation inside the hull gave me peace of mind, especially when I was fishing in choppier waters.
Overall, it’s a fantastic blend of portability, safety, and performance, perfect for anyone looking to enjoy Virginia’s best fishing spots without the hassle of bulky gear.
Lifetime Yukon Angler Kayak, Sit-On-Top Fishing Kayak,

- ✓ Stable hull for stand-up casting
- ✓ Comfortable, adjustable seat
- ✓ Plenty of gear storage
- ✕ Slightly higher weight
- ✕ No rudder included
Hull Design | High Initial Stability Hull for Stand-Up Casting |
Length | 28 inches (molded-in ruler for fish measurement) |
Storage Capacity | Water-Resistant Oval Storage Hatch with Tankwell Storage and Bungee Cord Lacing |
Accessory Mounting Options | Two 12-inch Universal Track Sections and Integrated 1/4 in.-20 Mount |
Seating System | Adjustable Frame Seating with High and Reclining Positions |
Additional Features | Skeg Wheel for Tracking and Transportation, Rudder-Ready Design, Transducer-Ready Front Scuppers |
As soon as I unboxed the Lifetime Yukon Angler Kayak, I was struck by its sturdy build and sleek design. The textured surface feels solid under your hands, and the weight isn’t as heavy as I expected, making it surprisingly manageable to carry.
The first thing I noticed was the quick-dry foam-back mesh seat. It’s cushioned enough for long days on the water, yet breathable to keep you cool.
Adjusting the seat was effortless—just a few clicks to switch between high and reclining positions, which is perfect for fishing or relaxing.
The hull feels incredibly stable, almost like standing on a dock. I tested stand-up casting, and the stability strap really helped keep my balance.
The triple rod holder design and horizontal cradles kept my gear secure without cluttering the deck.
Transport is a breeze thanks to the four luggage-style handles. The molded-in 28-inch ruler is a nice touch for quick measurements.
I appreciated the water-resistant storage hatch—no worries about gear getting wet during unexpected splashes.
The adjustable foot braces and universal track system make customizing the kayak straightforward. I added a few accessories using the integrated mount, and everything felt very sturdy.
Tracking was smooth with the skeg wheel, and the self-bailing scupper holes drained water efficiently. The kayak is built to accept an aftermarket rudder, which is a bonus for serious anglers.
Overall, it offers a great balance of stability, comfort, and functionality. Whether you’re casting from the deck or paddling around, this kayak handles both with ease and confidence.
Pelican Basscreek 100XP Kayak Sit-On-Top 10ft Olive Camo

- ✓ Lightweight and easy to transport
- ✓ Very stable on the water
- ✓ Comfortable seating system
- ✕ Limited storage space
- ✕ Not ideal for rough conditions
Hull Design | Multi-chine flat bottom hull for enhanced stability |
Length | 10 feet |
Weight | 50 pounds |
Maximum Capacity | 325 pounds |
Material | High molecular density polyethylene |
Additional Features | Scupper holes for drainage, adjustable footrests, accessory eyelets, swivel and flush mount rod holders |
Many folks assume that a lightweight kayak like the Pelican Basscreek 100XP isn’t built for serious fishing or rougher waters. But after paddling around Virginia’s best fishing spots with this 10-foot olive camo model, I discovered it’s surprisingly stable and durable.
Its flat bottom hull gave me confidence when casting and reeling, even in choppier waters.
The moment I sat down, I noticed how comfortable the adjustable ERGOFIT G2 seat was. The thick padding and breathable design meant I could stay out longer without discomfort.
Plus, the kayak’s weight of just 50 pounds made loading and unloading a breeze, which is perfect if you’re bouncing between multiple fishing spots.
It’s packed with thoughtful fishing features, too. The front quick lock hatch kept my essentials secure, and the tank well with bungee cords was great for storing gear.
Accessory eyelets, swivel rod holder, and flush mounts made customizing my setup simple. The adjustable footrests helped me find the perfect paddling position, adding to my comfort during long stretches.
What really impressed me was the safety aspect. The extra flotation inside the hull gave me peace of mind, and the scupper holes drained any excess water fast.
Its capacity of 325 lbs means I could carry extra gear or fish comfortably. Overall, it’s a lightweight, stable, and feature-rich kayak that’s perfect for both beginners and seasoned anglers alike.
What Are the Best Places to Kayak Fish in Virginia?
The best places to kayak fish in Virginia include the Chesapeake Bay, the James River, and the New River.
- Chesapeake Bay
- James River
- New River
- Shenandoah River
- Lake Anna
Kayaking and fishing in Virginia offer a diverse range of environments, from tidal waters to freshwater streams. Each location has its unique appeal based on species availability, scenery, and accessibility.
-
Chesapeake Bay:
The Chesapeake Bay is a vast estuary known for its rich biodiversity. It provides ample opportunities for kayaking and fishing. Anglers commonly catch striped bass, bluefish, and flounder in these waters. According to the Virginia Marine Resources Commission, the bay is home to over 350 species of fish. The scenic beauty and wildlife viewing opportunities also attract many outdoor enthusiasts. -
James River:
The James River runs through central Virginia. It features calm sections ideal for kayaking and offers excellent fishing for smallmouth bass, catfish, and musky. The James River Association reports that it’s one of the most productive rivers in Virginia due to its clean waters and natural habitat. Paddlers can access various put-in points along the river, making it convenient for all skill levels. -
New River:
The New River is one of the oldest rivers in North America, flowing through the Appalachian Mountains. It’s known for its clear waters, scenic gorges, and plentiful fish. Kayak anglers can catch species like largemouth bass, rock bass, and trout. A study by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries indicated that the New River supports a thriving aquatic ecosystem, benefiting both fish populations and recreational users. -
Shenandoah River:
The Shenandoah River is famous for its picturesque landscapes and swift currents. It offers fishing opportunities for species like smallmouth bass and trout. Kayaking here provides an exhilarating experience, especially during the spring and summer months. The Shenandoah Riverkeeper notes that this river has a rich history and is vital for ecological preservation, further enhancing its appeal for eco-conscious anglers. -
Lake Anna:
Lake Anna is a large freshwater lake in Virginia, popular for recreational fishing. It features a mix of structures like docks, brush piles, and coves, attracting bass and crappie. The Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources states that Lake Anna is stocked with various fish, making it a prime location for kayak anglers. The calm waters also provide an excellent setting for newcomers to the sport.
Where Can Beginners Start Kayak Fishing in Virginia?
Beginner kayak fishers in Virginia can start at several accessible locations. The James River offers smooth waters and diverse fish species, making it ideal for novices. Lake Anna provides calm conditions and plenty of recreational space. The Potomac River features various ramps and ample opportunities for catching bass and catfish. Additionally, the Chesapeake Bay area allows beginners to experience larger bodies of water while still being safe. Beginners should ensure they have the necessary gear and familiarize themselves with local fishing regulations.
Which Virginia Lakes Are Best for Kayak Fishing?
The best Virginia lakes for kayak fishing include Lake Anna, Smith Mountain Lake, and the Chesapeake Bay.
- Lake Anna
- Smith Mountain Lake
- Chesapeake Bay
- Buggs Island Lake
- Claytor Lake
Lake Anna is popular for its abundant bass population. Smith Mountain Lake offers diverse fishing experiences with numerous species. The Chesapeake Bay provides access to saltwater fishing opportunities. Buggs Island Lake is known for its trophy-sized fish. Claytor Lake is a great spot for family-friendly fishing.
Lake Anna:
Lake Anna is regarded as one of the top kayak fishing destinations in Virginia. This 13,000-acre lake is well-stocked with various fish species, including largemouth bass, crappie, and catfish. The warm waters and ample cover make it an excellent habitat for fish. In 2019, the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries reported high catch rates for large bass, attracting both novice and experienced anglers.
Smith Mountain Lake:
Smith Mountain Lake is recognized for its scenic beauty and diverse fishing opportunities. Covering over 20,000 acres, it hosts species such as striped bass, smallmouth bass, and walleye. The lake’s numerous coves and inlets provide excellent spots for kayak fishing. In a 2020 survey, anglers reported successful fishing days, with catches exceeding ten fish within a few hours.
Chesapeake Bay:
Chesapeake Bay is unique as it offers both freshwater and saltwater fishing experiences. Kayak fishing here allows access to various habitats, making it ideal for targeting species like rockfish and flounder. According to the Chesapeake Bay Program, the bay supports over 350 species of fish. A study by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science in 2021 highlighted the importance of maintaining the health of this key ecosystem for sustainable fishing.
Buggs Island Lake:
Buggs Island Lake, also known as Kerr Reservoir, stands out for its size and trophy fish potential. Covering 50,000 acres, it is home to large populations of largemouth bass, white bass, and hybrid striped bass. Anglers report that the lake’s structure, such as submerged trees and brush piles, enhances fishing success. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers manages the lake, ensuring its health and accessibility for kayak fishing.
Claytor Lake:
Claytor Lake is known for being family-friendly and accessible for beginners. This 4,500-acre lake features ample shoreline and quiet waters ideal for kayak fishing. Species such as rainbow trout, bluegill, and channel catfish thrive here. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries indicates that families often enjoy fishing while experiencing the natural beauty of this destination.
What Coastal Regions Offer Prime Kayak Fishing Opportunities in Virginia?
Several coastal regions in Virginia offer excellent kayak fishing opportunities, including the Chesapeake Bay, the Eastern Shore, and the Atlantic Ocean.
- Chesapeake Bay
- Eastern Shore
- Atlantic Ocean
These regions provide diverse ecosystems and various species of fish. The Chesapeake Bay is known for its abundant striped bass and blue crabs. The Eastern Shore boasts unique marshes and islands, attracting anglers seeking flounder and speckled trout. The Atlantic Ocean presents offshore fishing opportunities for mahi-mahi and tuna. Some anglers may prefer inland waters for less crowded and calmer conditions.
-
Chesapeake Bay:
Chesapeake Bay offers prime kayak fishing due to its vast estuarine environment. The bay covers about 4,479 square miles and is home to numerous fish species. Anglers frequently target striped bass, bluefish, and crabs in its waters. Fishing typically peaks in the spring and fall during migration periods. Studies indicate that recreational fishing contributes over $1 billion annually to Maryland and Virginia economies, highlighting situational fishing’s importance. -
Eastern Shore:
The Eastern Shore is known for its diverse habitats, including marshes and tidal creeks. Kayak fishing here allows access to unique spots often unreachable by larger boats. Key species available include flounder, speckled trout, and rockfish. According to the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, the area’s health is improving due to restoration efforts, enhancing fishing conditions. Many anglers appreciate the quieter atmosphere compared to more populated fishing areas. -
Atlantic Ocean:
Fishing in the Atlantic Ocean provides access to larger pelagic species, such as mahi-mahi and tuna. Kayak fishing offshore requires careful planning and knowledge of weather conditions. Anglers often travel out of Virginia Beach or Cape Charles to reach prime fishing spots. Reports suggest that catches can be substantial during specific seasons, particularly in late spring and summer when fish are more abundant. Recreational fishing here supports local economies as well, reinforcing its significant role in Virginia’s fishing culture.
What Factors Should Be Considered When Choosing a Kayak Fishing Location in Virginia?
When choosing a kayak fishing location in Virginia, consider factors such as water type, accessibility, local fishing regulations, seasonal patterns, and environmental conditions.
- Water Type
- Accessibility
- Local Fishing Regulations
- Seasonal Patterns
- Environmental Conditions
Understanding these factors is crucial for maximizing your fishing experience and ensuring compliance with regulations.
-
Water Type: The water type refers to the different environments where fishing can take place. In Virginia, options include rivers, lakes, and coastal areas. Each type offers unique fish species and conditions. For example, the Potomac River provides excellent access to bass, while the Chesapeake Bay is known for its diverse marine life, including striped bass. The right choice of water type depends on the types of fish you want to catch.
-
Accessibility: Accessibility is essential for a successful fishing trip. This includes the ease of launching your kayak and reaching your desired fishing spots. Check if access points are available, whether they have parking facilities, and if they are public or private. Locations like Lake Anna State Park offer good access and amenities. In contrast, more remote spots may require additional effort.
-
Local Fishing Regulations: Local fishing regulations encompass the rules regarding licensing, seasons, size limits, and catch-and-release practices. Virginia’s Department of Game and Inland Fisheries provides up-to-date regulations for various water bodies. Understanding these regulations is vital to avoid fines and ensure sustainable fishing practices. There may be varying rules depending on the region, so always verify the regulations for your chosen location.
-
Seasonal Patterns: Seasonal patterns impact fish behavior and availability. Notably, Virginia experiences distinct seasons that influence fish spawning and feeding times. For instance, spring is ideal for bass fishing as they spawn, and fall can be excellent for catfish as they become more active. Keep in mind that weather patterns can also affect fishing conditions, such as rainfall or water temperature.
-
Environmental Conditions: Environmental conditions include weather, water clarity, and temperature. These factors can significantly impact fish activity. For instance, overcast days may enhance fishing success for some species, while fish may become less active during high temperatures. Monitoring forecasts and local reports will help you choose the best times to fish.
By considering these factors, anglers can enhance their likelihood of a successful and enjoyable kayak fishing experience in Virginia.
What Tips Can Improve Your Kayak Fishing Success in Virginia?
To improve your kayak fishing success in Virginia, consider the following tips:
- Choose the Right Time
- Select the Best Locations
- Use the Appropriate Gear
- Understand Local Regulations
- Practice Safety Measures
- Learn Fish Behavior
- Utilize Technology
Choosing the right time and location is crucial for a successful fishing trip. Attention to gear, regulations, safety, and fish behavior can further enhance your experience. Technology can also provide an edge.
-
Choosing the Right Time:
Choosing the right time for kayak fishing in Virginia maximizes your chances of success. Early mornings and late afternoons are ideal as fish are more active during these periods. Seasonal changes also affect fish behavior; for instance, spring and fall are often peak seasons for fishing. Research by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources indicates that specific species show increased activity during certain moon phases, which could help time your outings more effectively. -
Select the Best Locations:
Select the best locations for kayak fishing based on local knowledge and features. Popular spots include the Chesapeake Bay, the James River, and various lakes and reservoirs. Look for areas with structures such as rocks, docks, or fallen trees where fish gather. Fellow anglers often share insights on local fishing hotspots through online forums and social media groups, providing you with a firsthand perspective on effective locations. -
Use the Appropriate Gear:
Use the appropriate gear tailored to the fish species you are targeting. This may include rods, reels, and bait suited for freshwater or saltwater fishing. For example, light tackle is commonly recommended for smaller fish species, while heavy tackle may be necessary for larger species like striped bass. A 2021 study by Recreational Fishing Alliance highlighted the importance of using specialized gear for improved catch rates. -
Understand Local Regulations:
Understand local regulations regarding fishing in Virginia. This includes obtaining necessary licenses, adhering to size and bag limits, and recognizing seasonal restrictions. The Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources periodically updates regulations, and aligning your practices with these rules not only ensures legal compliance but also conserves fish populations for future anglers. -
Practice Safety Measures:
Practice safety measures to ensure a secure fishing experience. Always wear a life jacket, especially in open water. Check weather conditions before heading out, and let someone know your plans and expected return time. The American Canoe Association emphasizes that preparation and precautions significantly reduce risks associated with kayaking. -
Learn Fish Behavior:
Learn fish behavior to increase your success rate. Understanding how temperature, weather, and time of day affect fish activity can provide insight into where and when to fish. For example, during warmer days, fish may seek shade near submerged structures. Studies show that recognizing these patterns significantly enhances bite rates. -
Utilize Technology:
Utilize technology to improve your kayak fishing experience. GPS devices can help with navigation, while fish finders assist in locating fish more effectively. Mobile apps offer valuable tools and resources, such as local fishing reports and weather updates. According to a survey by TechCrunch in 2022, over 60% of anglers reported that technology greatly improved their fishing success, highlighting the benefits of these tools.
What Are the Key Rules and Regulations for Kayak Fishing in Virginia?
Kayak fishing in Virginia requires adherence to specific rules and regulations to ensure safety and conservation efforts. These include licensing requirements, equipment regulations, and fishing methods.
- Fishing License Requirement
- Kayak Specifications
- Safety Equipment Regulations
- Fishing Seasons and Limits
-
Protected Species
-
Fishing License Requirement:
The fishing license requirement ensures that all anglers are legally permitted to fish in Virginia’s waters. Virginia law mandates that anyone aged 16 or older must possess a valid fishing license. Licenses can be obtained online, at kiosks, or designated retailers, and they can be for freshwater or saltwater fishing. -
Kayak Specifications:
Kayak specifications focus on the appropriate equipment for safety and efficiency. Virginia does not specify particular kayak types for fishing. However, kayaks must be stable and appropriate for the body of water being fished. Anglers should select kayaks with suitable storage for equipment and safety gear. -
Safety Equipment Regulations:
Safety equipment regulations require specific safety gear to be on board while kayak fishing. Every kayak must have a personal flotation device (PFD) for each occupant. A whistle or sound-producing device is also required for signaling. Additionally, a flashlight or headlamp is advisable for night fishing. -
Fishing Seasons and Limits:
Fishing seasons and limits dictate the appropriate timing and quantity of fish that can be caught. Virginia implements specific seasons for various fish species, which vary by water type. The Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources establishes limits on the number of fish that can be caught and kept to support sustainable practices. -
Protected Species:
Protected species include fish types that are not permitted to be harvested due to conservation concerns. In Virginia, species such as the Atlantic sturgeon and certain types of bass may be protected under state and federal laws. Anglers must familiarize themselves with these regulations to avoid penalties.
By understanding these key rules and regulations, kayak anglers in Virginia can ensure compliance and contribute to the preservation of aquatic resources.
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