About 58% of extant fish species live in saltwater, while about 41% are found in freshwater. The remaining 1% are anadromous species, which migrate between these two environments. Freshwater fish thrive in diverse lake habitats, promoting unique ecosystems, biodiversity, and speciation.
Freshwater fish comprise about 41% of all fish species, totaling nearly 10,000 species. This group includes well-known types like catfish, trout, and bass. The. relatively isolated nature of freshwater habitats fosters unique evolutionary pathways, leading to the formation of distinct species.
Saltwater fish account for approximately 59% of fish species, with over 20,000 recognized varieties. The ocean’s vastness supports extensive biodiversity. This includes species like tuna, sharks, and clownfish, which have adapted to various marine environments.
In summary, while saltwater fish species outnumber freshwater species, both habitats play crucial roles in global biodiversity. The next section will explore how environmental factors like temperature, food availability, and geography influence the abundance and distribution of fish within these habitats.
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